I think geography played an important role in the two
distinct societies that developed in New England and in the Chesapeake region. The
Chesapeake region had the geographic characteristics that include rich soil, mild
winters, a long growing season, and abundant rainfall. This led the Chesapeake region
to become primarily agricultural, growing the most crops and the greatest variety of
crops. This in turned led to the creation of large plantations and the reliance on
slave labor, which defined southern society. The New England colonies had thin rocky
soil, harsh winters, a short growing season, cold coastal waters, and good harbors.
This led New England to rely more on manufacturing and commerce as compared to the
Chesapeake area, including shipbuilding, ironworks, lumbering and fishing. Slavery
became less important in that area. This in turned led to a different type of society
than the Chesapeake area.
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