Abiotic factors are non-living factors that are crucial to
the functioning of a terrestrial(land) biome. Some examples of abiotic factors
include-- oxygen availability, sunlight, water, minerals, soil, temperature. Some of
these abiotic factors can be limiting factors because if something is in short supply in
a terrestrial biome, it can have an effect on the type of species that can thrive there.
For instance, water, a very important abiotic factor, is a limiting factor in a desert
biome. Because of that, only certain plant species adapted to a dry climate such as
cacti and sagebrush will be found there, but trees with broad leaves would not. A tree
with broad leaves and much surface area, would have many pore spaces through which water
could be lost, via transpiration. However, a cactus with needles, rather than leaves
has a much reduced surface area and water loss is prevented. Therefore, in regards to
abiotic factors determining a terrestrial biome, if there is little water and much
sunlight and warm temperatures during the daylight hours, one would expect to find a
desert biome. However, if a biome had rainfall on a daily basis, warm temperatures and
soil poor in nutrients, one would expect to find a tropical rainforest. A biome in turn
has particular organisms adapted to the specific conditions found
there.
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