While The Red Badge of Courage
has more than one theme, or message, that Stephen Crane proposes through his
narrative, the Naturalistic theme seems the most salient. That is, Crane portrays
Nature as an impersonal force with Henry Fleming isolated and alone. For, as a
man, Henry is at the mercy of a superior and cosmic force in spite of his own thoughts
and instincts.
Here are two examples of this
theme:
1. Stephen Crane candidly reports the inhumanity of
man to man amid the brutish forces of nature. When Henry runs from the violence and
chaos, he finds no solace in the woods; instead, he
is
obliged to
force his way with much noise. The creepers, catching against his legs, cried out
harshly as their sprays were torn from the barks of
trees.
As he moves deeper
into the woods, he espies what he believes is a lovely spot only to happen upon the
horror of discovering a decaying body. As he flees, Henry turns, fearing that the
corpse may be calling out to him:
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Off was the rumble of death. It seemed now that
Nature had no ears....He conceived Nature to be like a woman with a deep
averson to tragedy.
2. At
the very end of the novel, after Henry has suffered through his fears and isolation and
emerged triumphant from battle, the weather of the indifferent nature is similar to that
of the battle in which he has run away. In Chaper VII, Crane describes the
setting:
At
length he reached a place where the high, arching boughs made a chapel. He solftly
pushed the green doors aside and entered. Pine needles were a gentle brown carpet.
There was a religious half
light.
But, in the next
sentence Crane narrates,
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Near the threshold he stopped, horor-stricken at
the sight of a thing. He was being looked at by a dead man who was seated with his back
against a columnlike
tree.
This gruesome sight is
placed amid the tranquil beauty of nature in much the same design as that of the novel's
conclusion which portrays Henry's victory and coming of age, rather than his frightened
fright, evincing the indifference of Nature to that which transpires with man, although
Henry imagines that it is sympathetic as he has "rid himself of the red sickness of
battle,"
with
a lover's thirst to images of tranquil skies, fresh meadows, cool brooks--an existence
of soft and eternal peace.
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