Sunday, July 31, 2011

What is the symbolic significance of the storm in the tragedy 'King Lear' ?

King Lear is a great work of a great playwright(not needed to mention his name). Characters are the mainspsing of his plays. In king Lear also we see  Lear to be the centre of everything. It is in fact the story of Lear's achieving self-knowledge. The theme of the play  for no doubt is purgation. The storm is the most significant thing to achieve the theme. 

In the very beginning of the play we find lear as a man of wrong justice.  He does a great wrong by disinheriting his own daughter Cordelia because of her inability to flatter him. Room after dividing the kingdom no the basis of oily words lear comes to understand that what he has done is a great wrong. 
'O, Most small fault' was his expression. This understanding is a significant part of his regeneration. Next we see him showing sympathy for a fellow sufferer in regan's court in his process to be a man.  

But the climax of his regeneration is held in the storm. In a stormy night we see Lear left the court for outside where a violent storm and rain blows. Whe Kent in disguise invites him to the hovel he doesn't forget the fool. Here he treats him as his own son 'Come on my boy'. Here he treats the fool not as a subject but as a fellow sufferer. Then the sight of Edgar in disguise of poor Tom enables him to realise the distress of humanity in the Earth in general. He fell into deep sleep and when he gets up he becomes a totally changed man.

Thus it can be said easily that the theme of the play King Lear is purgatory. And it is nothing but the storm which enables the protagonist to achieve self-knowledge through lots of suffering and pain..      

Saturday, July 30, 2011

How does Beowulf embody the ideals of conduct in the Anglo-Saxon culture in the epic Beowulf?I need at least 4 of his virtues with the part or...

Beowulf is an Anglo-Saxon poem in
which the epic hero Beowulf saves Hrothgar and his people from the tribulations which
had beset them. Beowulf is a conquering hero, and he embodies, as your question states,
many of the ideals reflected in his culture.  He is selfless, proud, brave, and
loyal.


Beowulf is selfless, and he demonstrates that
quality when he hears about Hrothgar--in a country across the dangerous sea--and decides
to help him simply because he knows he can.  Beowulf understands he may not return from
this fight that is not really his; yet he selects a few soldiers, equips himself and his
men, and he makes the perilous crossing without any expectations from the people at the
other end of his journey. 


Beowulf is proud, and he
demonstrates that quality when he meets Hrothgar and offers himself as a protector and
defender of this king and his people.  He is neither fawning nor boastful (though
Unferth would probably disagree).  He states his credentials and offers his services. 
Later, when Hrothgar rewards him for his actions, Beowulf is suitably gracious and
humble, proud to have been the one to rid them of this terror.  When he returns home, he
tells his story without embellishment (well, perhaps just a little) and demonstrates his
pride by honoring his own king.


Beowulf is brave.  A
marauding monster, Grendel, must be killed, and Beowulf chooses to engage in battle
without any weapons, just as Grendel fights.  Their literal hand-to-hand combat is epic,
and Beowulf wins by tearing Grendel's arm out of his socket.  When Grendel's mother
seeks to avenge her son's death, Beowulf follows her to the bottom of the ocean to fight
another epic battle.  More than fifty years later, King Beowulf fights a huge dragon
virtually alone and virtually empty-handed. 


Beowulf is
loyal.  Before he leaves to kill Grendel, Beowulf asks permission of his king--to whom
he owes his allegiance.  When he returns, laden with gifts which were bestowed upon him
by a grateful Hrothgar, Beowulf gives a portion to his king, as was his
due. 


Beowulf has other virtues, of course, and he embodies
the best of Anglo-Saxon ideals.

Friday, July 29, 2011

At the end of "The Necklace," by Guy de Maupassant, can anyone guess what will happen next?

In agreement with the previous post, I too wonder if her
rich friend would at least find the money to pay Mdme Loiselle back for all that she did
to replace the necklace. However, if the friend had chosen to have a necklace like that
she could have bought it.


So, if her friend was also sort
of pretending to be richer than what she was (after all, she seemed upset that Mdme. L
did not bring the necklace back right away) then we can assume that the friend may not
be in the position to replace such an expensive necklace
either.


If you are a positive person, you would think that
the two went and sold the necklace and split the money in half. If you are a bit
negative you may want think that Loiselle left it at that, as a bad choice, and will
create a bigger grudge against life while her friend is set home
free.

For what values of x is the following inequation valid : 2x^2+ 14x + 24 > 0

We are given the following inequation to solve 2x^2+ 14x +
24 > 0


Now, 2x^2+ 14x + 24 >
0


=> 2x^2 + 6x + 8x +24
>0


=> 2x ( x +3) + 8 (x+3)
>0


=>
(x+4)(x+3)>0


Now as (x+4)(x+3) is greater than 0.
Either (x+4)and (x+3)can be greater than 0 or they can both be less than
0.


If they are greater than
0,


=> (x+4) > 0 and (x+3)
>0


=> x > -4 and x
>-3


=> x has to be greater than
-3


If both (x+4)and (x+3) are less than
0


=> (x+4) <0 and (x+3)
<0


=> x < -4 and x
<-3


=> x has to be less than
-4


Therefore x can be either greater than -3
or less than -4

What do you suppose the original cemony of lottery was like?

Because Mr. Summers is presented in jeans and a white
shirt and I know a little about the author, I place this story in my brain about early
to mid 1900s. It seems by the intermittent comments of Old Man Warner that he has
experienced the lottery as far as he can remember. He is presented as in his
70s.


This edict "lottery in June, corn be heavy soon"
demonstrates that this likely began when people felt like a human sacrifice to the gods
or to God was necessary to receive the blessing of a good corn crop. This could have
been a Puritan or Pilgrim era idea.


Obviously by the early
1900s farmers began to know through science a thing or two about watering and
fertilization. So, it is a wonder that the group hadn't yet realized that their idea
about their crop had come and gone.

In "The Pianist" by Roman Polanski how is the main theme of man's inhumanity toward man/ human brutality conveyed? Please provide examples and...

I think that one of the earliest moments in the film where
we can see the brutality of the Holocaust in evidence was a simple moment when Szpilman
is walking alongside one of the many walls in Warsaw, he sees a small hole where a child
is dragged through it.  He tries to help the child through, but it is too late.  The
camerawork is brilliant because we suddenly hear and see a child, like Szpilman, but
then we don't know what happens to the child.  We are left with this haunting image of a
child trapped underneath a wall, struggling.  We don't know if the child is struggling
to get inside the wall or get outside of it.  We only know there is a child and there is
struggle.  It's so quick, so instantaneous, but so resonant in our minds that we have
little to go on afterwards, but our memory.  It is a moment that shows the inhumanity in
the Holocaust.  It is so present, and yet, so fleeting.  Its permanent residence in our
mind is what makes the image so haunting.

Thursday, July 28, 2011

Where is the center of mass of three bodies of equal mass placed at the points (0, 0), (4, 5) and (6, 3).

Where is the center of mass of three bodies of equal mass
placed at the points (0, 0), (4, 5) and (6, 3).


The center
of mass for three bodies of equal mass lies at the centroid of a triangle, at the
vertices of which lie the bodies. Here we are given the points (0, 0), (4, 5) and (6,
3).


Now to find the centroid, we need two medians and their
point of intersection. The midpoint between  (0,0) , ( 4, 5) is ( 2 , 5/2)  and the
midpoint between (0,0) and (6,3) is ( 3, 3/2)


The equation
of the line joining (2, 5/2) and (6, 3) is y-5/2 = [(3 -5/2)/
(6-2)]*(x-2)


=> y-5/2 = [(1/2)/
(4)]*(x-2)


=> 2y – 5 =
(1/4)*(x-2)


=> 2y -5 = x/4
-1/2


=> 8y –x-18 =0…
(1)


And the equation of the line joining (3, 3/2) and (4,
5) is y-3/2 = [(5 -3/2)/ (4-3)]*(x-3)


=> 2y -3 =
7*(x-3)


=> 2y – 7x + 18 =0…
(2)


(1) – 4*(2)


=> 8y –
8y – x + 28x -18 -72 =0


=> 27x =
90


=> x = 90/27=
10/3


substituting in (1)


8y =
18 + 10/3


=> y = (18 +
10/3)/8


=> y =
8


Therefore the center of mass is at (10/3,
8/3)

'Kill the pig, cut his throat, his blood.' - what is this line all about ? please explain.

The boys have become enamored by the idea of hunting,
particularly because they begin to feel that it gives them some control over all the
unknowns.  It is a way for them to try to conquer their hunger, their lack of purpose,
and their fear of the beast all in one fell swoop.


The
dance they do to mimic the hunt is their opportunity to draw up the courage that will
allow them to actually kill, something that even Jack shies away from at the
outset.


This line itself may very well invoke that urgent
desire to strike back at their fear, to kill it, to drain it of its blood which gives it
life.

Wednesday, July 27, 2011

"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings" is said to be "symbolic." What is this symbolism?

This is a great issue to raise in relation to this story.
Your question seems to raise a much larger issue about how we as readers interpret and
assign symbols to objects and characters in our often futile attempts to make meaning of
what we read.


I think one of the joys of this short story
is that it defies interpretation. You need to note how the villagers are often exposed
as foolish and gullible in their beliefs, and also how they try to make sense of the
world. They stick fast to "facts" even though they are clearly ridiculous, such as the
fact that angels eat mothballs, and they jump to impossible conclusions, for example
when some argue that the old man should be proclaimed "mayor of the world." It is almost
as if once they have conceived of an idea they make reality "fit" to support that idea
despite any protestations to the contrary - or until a "better" version of the "truth"
comes along and then the process beings again. Of course, the villagers, although they
can be said to be figures of fun in this sense, contain many characteristics which we
can identify whatever our time or culture - for example the unquestioning belief in
their own wisdom and their stubborn clinging to their own ideas are aspects which we can
all identify.


It is clear though that while there are a few
hints into this story as to the "meaning" or "allegory" there are no conclusive pointers
that give one definitive explanation. We are left, much like the villagers therefore, to
try and make some sort of meaning from these strange and bizarre events. The last laugh
seems to be with Marquez, however, as we prove ourselves to be like the villagers trying
to make sense of this story and coming up with very different and ridiculous answers.
Therefore, if there is a "meaning", it is that there is no "meaning" - it is more about
the process by which we make "meaning" and how we support our
conclusions.


So I am not going to answer your question, as
I think if you do try to summarise the angel's symbolic significance you are falling
into precisely the kind of trap that Marquez wants you to fall into! Just be aware that
Marquez is playing with us as readers and trying to get us to assign symbols in our
quest to make meaning of his confusing short story.

Tuesday, July 26, 2011

What reasons do social conservatives give for wanting to change "Atlantic Slave Trade" to "Atlantic Triangle Trade" in Texas Textbooks?

While doing a little research on the reactions and
statements from Texas Board of Education members who voted yes on the changes, I found
little discussion specifically referring to the change from Atlantic Slave Trade to
Atlantic Triangular Trade.  There were other quotes and actions, however, that perhaps
gives us a window into their thinking.


Another change that
was made was to add the contributions of Confederate politicians to American society to
the lists of people students should analyze.  Texas is, after all, a southern state, and
was also a slave state before and during the Civil War.  On could argue they were
changing the wording regarding slavery to make it more accurate, but I would have to
disagree.  The slave trade outlived the Triangular Trade for a long time.  I see it more
as an attempt by southern social conservatives to whitewash the history and paint the
South in a more favorable historical light.  This is just my opinion, of
course.

Monday, July 25, 2011

What are some examples of Machiavellian heroes?

When defining a Machiavellian Hero, one must remember that
the word hero in this context means protagonist (main character);
otherwise, the combination of Machiavellian and hero becomes an oxymoron. That being
said, the term applies to a protagonist who seeks political or social gain at any cost.
Below are several examples.


Shakespeare's
Richard III
--briefly put, he orders the murders of family members in
order to obtain the crown.


Milton's
Satan
 in Paradise Lost--as Milton portrays him, the
beautiful angel Satan is willing to risk all, over and over again, in order to grasp
ultimate power and revenge.


Khaled Hosseini's
Amir in The Kite Runner--this is a more modern
version of a Machiavellian hero, but in the first section of the novel, Amir cowardly
betrays his friend and then frames him so that his father can focus solely on him. Amir
does change as the novel progresses and loses his selfish tendencies, but his
willingness to sacrifice anything or anyone to obtain his father's approval is shocking
and results in long-term repercussions for him and
others.


Napoleon from
Orwell's Animal Farm or the "real" Josef
Stalin
--both use others (such as Snowball or Trotsky) until their use is
expended and then annihilate them. 

What was Achilles's reaction to Patroclus's death?

The brief answer to this is that Achilles's reaction to
Patroclus's death was one of intense anger and an overwhelming desire for revenge.  It
was when Patroclus died that Achilles finally got over being angry about having Briseis
taken from him.  When he heard that Patroclus had died, Achilles stopped "sulking in his
tent" and went out to take revenge for Patroclus's
death.


Some traditions hold that Achilles and Patroclus
were actually lovers and not just good friends.  Whether that is "true" or not,
Patroclus's death got Achilles angry enough for him to come out and fight.  He then
killed Hector and many others of the Trojans.

Sunday, July 24, 2011

Understanding a question from an essay written during the Revolutionary War?I had to read a excerpt from an essay written during the Revolutionary...

This is one where you really ought to ask your teacher
because he/she is the one who has actually made up the question and knows exactly what
is wanted.


It sounds to me like you are being asked to look
at the essay and find evidence of two rather different influences on American thought --
Puritanism and the Enlightenment.


I think your teacher is
asking you first to look for evidence that shows Puritan ideas have affected this
essay.  You might want to look for things like an emphasis on following what God wants. 
The Puritans believed (among other things) that nations should act in ways that God
wanted.  Does the writer ever say anything like that -- like that God wants Americans to
be free?


Second, you are supposed to look for evidence of
the Enlightenment.  I think the most likely thing to look for here is stuff about
monarchy being bad.  A major Enlightenment idea was that people were all pretty much
equal and so there was no reason for one person to rule others just because of who his
ancestors were.  Is there anything like that in the essay?

On what pages are sin and evil personified in The Scarlet Letter?

Nathaniel Hawthorne's seminal work, The Scarlet
Letter
clearly has parbolic character.  With Hester's child, Pearl, one is
reminded of the New Testament's "pearl of great price" as Hester's shame and punishment
are brought on by the birth of her daughter.  Thus Pearl becomes a symbol of the sin of
passion between Hester Prynne and the Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. This "elf-child" who
like a valuable pearl has a beauty that shines with deep and vivid tints.  Yet, she is
referred to by the Puritans as a "demon offspring," and perceived as the child of sin. 
In Chapter VIII, Hester pleas with the governor to be allowed to keep her child.  She
protests,


readability="5">

"Pearl keeps me here in life! Pearl punishes me
too!  See ye not she is the scarlet
letter
...."



Reverend
Dimmesdale supports Hester by saying,


readability="13">

"It was meant, doubtless, as the mother herself
hath told us, for a retribution too; a torture to be felt at many an
unthought-of-moment; a pang, a sting, an ever-recurring agony, in the midst of a trouble
joy!" 



The man who devotes
his life to avenging himself upon the Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale, the man who "violates
the sanctity of the human heart" in his efforts to destroy the man--"he will be
mine!"--transforms himself into what he himself says is "a fiend," and becomes a
personification of evil.  As he insidiously destroys the inner workings of Dimmesdale's
heart, Chillingworth becomes a dark and craven figure.  He sins against Nature in his
violation of Dimmesdale's heart," and he sins against Hester when he married his young,
passionate wife as he could not be a husband to her. He admits his sin in Chapter
XV,



"Mine was
the first wrong, when I betrayed thy budding youth into a false and unnatural relation
with my decay."



His sin that
he commits against Dimmesdale is what Hawthorne calls the "unpardonable sin."  This sin
is the subordination of the heart to the intellect, occurring as Chillingworth is
willing to sacrifice his fellow man to gratify his own selfish interest.  These sins of
Chillingworth are parabolic in nature, as well; for, they illustrate two Biblical
injunctions, "Judge not lest ye be judged" and "Vengeance is mine, saith the Lord." 
Chillingworth tries to play God, but transforms himself into a devil.  By Chapter IX
this transformation is evident (in Chapter XIV it is
complete):



A
large number...affirmed that Roger Chillingworth's aspect had undergone a remarkable
change while he had dwelt in town, and expecially since his abode with Mr. Dimmesdale. 
At first his expression had been calm, meditative, scholar-like.  Now, there was
something ugly and evil in his face, which they had not previously noticed, and which
grew still the more obvious to sight the oftener they looked upon
him.



Symbolic of the kind of
passion which accompanies Hester's sin, Pearl is a constant reminder to Hester of her
sin.  Roger Chillingworth transforms himself in his desire for vengeance into an evil
being whose sin is the blackest of
all.





Saturday, July 23, 2011

How can magnesium metal be used to distinguish between an acid and a base ?would u answer the question today thanx =D byee

Magnesium metal can be used to distinguish between an acid
and a base by observing the reaction of magnesium with the given
liquid.


Magnesium reacts with acids and dissolves in them
to form solutions containing the aquated Mg (II) ion together with hydrogen gas, H2. For
example with H2SO4 and HCl the reaction of Magnesium is as
follows:


Mg(s) + H2SO4(aq) → Mg2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) +
H2(g)


Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → Mg2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) +
H2(g)


Magnesium does not react with dilute
bases.


So if hydrogen is produced and the magnesium
dissolves in the liquid you are testing it is an acid and if it does not react the
liquid is a base.

f(x) = 3x^3 - 2x^2 + 15 find f''(1)

To evaluate the value the second derivative, in a given
point, we'll have to calculate the first derivative:


f'(x)
= (3x^3 - 2x^2 + 15)'


f'(x) = 9x^2 - 4x +
0


f'(x) = 9x^2 - 4x


Now, we'll
differentiate f'(x):


[f'(x)]' = f"(x) = (9x^2 -
4x)'


f"(x) = 18x - 4


Now, we
can calculate f"(1), substituting x by 1 in the expression of
f"(x):


f"(1) = 18*1 - 4


f"(1)
= 18 - 4


f"(1) =
14

Friday, July 22, 2011

Define "Comedy of Humours."

In Shakespeare's time, people used the four humours
(earth, wind, water, and fire - or- choleric, melancholic, sanguine, and phlegmatic) to
describe all sorts of things. It was believed that each person had a little more of one
than the others within them. These were the basic elements though that everyone had. A
humour is essentially a trait of character.


In a comedy of
humours, each of the four humours would be represented by a different character. The
action of the comedy would demonstrate each character or humour's flaws and
strengths.


In this scenario, it is important not to think
of the word humour as funny, but as a trait.

What does Othello do when Desdemona says "for the love I bear Cassio?"

This comes in Act IV, scene i, when Lodovico comes from
Venice.  Desdemona is saying that she would like to see the "division" between Othello
and Cassio mended.  The exact line you are referring to, in context,
is:


readability="10">

Lodovico


Is
there division between thy lord and
Cassio?


Desdemona


A
most unhappy one; I would do much


To atone them,
for the love I bear to
Cassio
.


Othello


Fire
and brimstone!



What he does
here would have to be decided by the actor portraying Othello, since Shakespeare doesn't
exactly give us his action.  But Desdemona does hint at his state of mind (and at how
innocently she meant her statement about "loving" Cassio) with the question, "What, is
he angry?"


There is, however, a very significant action a
few lines later.  Desdemona again speaks favorably of Cassio, which incites this
exchange:


Othello


Indeed!


Desdemona


My
lord?


Othello


I
am glad to see you
mad.


Desdemona


How,
sweet Othello?


Othello
(striking
her)


Devil!


So,
though it does not come immediately after Desdemona's comment about "loving" Cassio,
Othello doesn't take more than a few more lines to work himself up to hitting her.  And
in front of Lodovico.  So, the rift between Othello and Desdemona is growing larger and
larger, thanks to Iago's poisoning of Othello's jealous mind.

Thursday, July 21, 2011

What is the theme of the poem "Bury Me in a Free Land" by Frances E.W Harper?Be specific.

Frances Harper (1825-1911) was an African-American poet
who was involved in the movement to abolish slavery.  Her poem "Bury Me in a Free Land"
is clearly an anti-slavery statement.


The speaker in the
poem says that she is willing to be buried anywhere, even among "earth's humblest
graves," as long as she is not buried "in a land where men are
slaves."


The speaker describes some of the horrors of
slavery: lashings, "babes torn from [their mother's] breast," bloodhounds seeking
fugitives, and young girls being sold "from their mother's arms...for their youthful
charms."


The speaker says that she could not rest in a
place where such things take place; if she saw them from her eternal resting-place, her
"eye would flash with a mournful flame, / [Her] death-pale cheek [would] grow red with
shame."


Similar to the outlook of many slaves, the speaker
does not see any practical solution to the slavery problem.  Rather, she seeks refuge
from the problem in the afterlife. 

Wednesday, July 20, 2011

1-√3,1 + √3 - 2 find polynomial function of degree with given numbers as zeros

A  value of x = x1 is said to be the zero of a polynomial
f(x), if we substitute x1 for x in the polynomial f(x), then f(x) vanishes. So if f(x)
is a polynomial, and if  f(x1) = 0, then x1 is a zero of the polynomial
 f(x).


We know that if x1,x2 and x3 are the zeros of a
polynomial f(x), then the polynomial  could be written
as:


f(x) = (x-x1)(x-x2)(x-x3), as putting x= x1 or x= x2
and x=x3 makes th polynomial  vanish.


Given are the  zeros
: 1-sqrt3, 1+sqrt3 and -2 are the 3 zero.


Then f(x) = {x -
(1-sqr3)}{x-(1+sqrt3)}{x-(-2)}.


f(x) = {x^2
+(-1+sqrt3-1-sqrt3)x + (1-sqrt3)(1+sqrt3)}{x+2}.


f(x) =
{x^2 -2x + [1^2-(sqrt3)^2]}(x+2).


f(x) =
{x^2-2x+1-3}(x+2).


f(x) =
(x^2-2x-2)(x+2).


f(x) = {x^3-2x^2-2x
+2x^2-4x-4}.


f(x) =x^3 -6x -4
.


Therefore x^3-6x-4 is the polynomial with zeros 1-sqrt3 ,
1+sqrt3 ,   -2.

Tuesday, July 19, 2011

Help: HAMLET. ACT 2, SCENE 1: Help with characterization of Polonius from "Hamlet" and the foreshadowing motif that the scene displays.Please help...

Polonius is telling Reynaldo in this scene to spy on
Laertes.  Polonius tells him to ask people in Paris about what Danes are there, how much
money each has, where each lives, how each one conducts himself, etc.  Polonius says
that this method of asking general questions of no particular Dane will uncover more
information about Laertes.  Polonius continues, telling Reynaldo, to ask people if
they've heard of Laertes and if he's been known to hire prostitutes, gamble, get in fist
fights, and other activities.  Poloinus, despite his high-handed advice to his son in
Act, sc. 3, does not trust Laertes.  If he trusted him, Polonius would not send Reynaldo
to Paris to enact this elaborate scheme.  This action shows us that Polonius is not a
trusting man.  It also shows us that Polonius likes subterfuge.  He enjoys spying on
people and getting information about them without their knowledge.  This sneaky quality
is important because Polonius engages it in trying to find out what is going on with
Hamlet, too.  Never does Polonius suggest directly asking someone what he is up
to. 

In his short poem (often called "Harlem"), why does Langston Hughes answer his main question with a list of questions? Is he expressing a...

The list of questions that follow the main question in
Langston Hughes' short poem "Harlem" may serve to make us, as the readers, think about
the full range of possible reactions to the situation in the initial question: "What
happens to a dream deferred?" To me, the poem (or poet) never clearly points to one
possible reaction as the most likely one, but the sixth and final possibility -- "Or
does it explode?" -- is given particular emphasis. It's set apart in a stanza of its
own, it's shorter than most of the other questions, and it's the final question, the
last possibility that we're left with.


That final line to
me has always seemed to hint at possible violence that may result when people (African
Americans, to be more specific) aren't given full citizenship and genuinely equal
opportunities in the United States. The desperation and rage that have fueled a number
of race-riots, for example, seem to be predicted in this final line of the
poem.


See the links below for the study guide to this poem
and for a similar discussion from just a month or so ago.

Monday, July 18, 2011

In Othello, why is it ironic that Bianca uses the handkerchief to accuse Cassio of fooling around?

It is ironic because her entrance into a scene that Iago
has set up for Othello to overhear him discuss with Cassio his "mistress" (meaning
Desdemona) is the icing on the cake that sells Othello on the idea that Cassio is having
an affair with is wife.


In this scene, Act IV, scene i,
Bianca comes in on this by accident, much to Iago's ironic luck, and says to
Cassio:



..what
did you mean by that same handerchief you gave me even now?  I was a fine fool to take
it. . . .This is some minx's token. . . .There!  Give it the hobby-horse, wheresoever
you had it. . .



And so,
Bianca seems to confirm Othello's suspicions about Cassio and Desdemona by alluding to
the "minx" that Cassio supposedly got the handkerchief
from.


And for some added dramatic irony, the audience is
fully aware that Iago gave the handkerchief to Cassio, not
Desdemona.

Sunday, July 17, 2011

An isotope of potassium contains 19 electrons, 21 neutrons, and 19 protons. What's its atomic mass number?

The total number of nucleons, or the particles in the
nucleus, which includes both the protons as well as the neutrons make up the atomic mass
of the atom. The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus, which for a
neutral atom is equal to the number of electrons revolving around the
nucleus.


Here you have provided the details for potassium
which has the number of electrons as 19, number of protons as 19 and the number of
neutrons as 21.


The atomic number is therefore 19 and the
atomic mass is 19 + 21 = 40.


The required
atomic mass of potassium is 40.

Friday, July 15, 2011

Why does Cassio lose his position with Othello?

Ambiguous question... But perhaps it's just me, I read
this question as; Cassio loosing his position as Lieutenant, Othello's right hand man,
thus loses his position with Othello.


'Reputation... I
have lost the immortal part of myself." quote
Cassio. 


Othello dismisses Cassio for drunkenly behaviour;
disobeying his orders.

A rigid rod is pivoted at point O and caries a body of weight w1 at the left end A.Find the weight w2 of another body which must be attached at...

The arrangement described in the question forms a lever
system in which the the fulcrum or the pivot is in the center with the load (w1) and the
effort (w2) are on opposite side of the fulcrum.


A system
like this is in equilibrium when:


Load x (Distance of load
from fulcrum) = Effort x (Distance of effort from
fulcrum)


Therefore, for the given
question:


w1 x (Distance of w1 from pivot) = w2 x (Distance
of w2 from pivot)


Therefor:


w2
= w1 x [(Distance of w1 from pivot)/(Distance of w2 from
pivot)]


Further, both the load and effort will act in the
same direction. Therefor. the total force on the pivot will be the sum of force exerted
by the sum of two
weights.


Thus:


Force acting on
the pivot = (w1 + w2) x (acceleration due to gravity)

Thursday, July 14, 2011

In 1984, what does Winston's dream of the girl with dark hair symbolize?

I assume you are referring to the dream that Winston has
at the beginning of Chapter 3 in this terrifying dystopian novel. What is important to
realise is that this dream of Julia, the girl he has noticed and feels sexually
attracted to, comes after a dream of his mother and sister just before it. The
remembrance of his mother and sister has a profound impact on Winston because through it
he realises that:


readability="13">

Tragedy, he perceived, belonged to the ancient
time, to a time when there was still privacy, love, and friendship, and when the members
of a family stood by one another without needing to know the
reason.



However, today,
Winston reflects, such tragedy or emotions would be
impossible:


readability="12">

Such things, he saw, could not happen today.
Today there were fear, hatred, and pain, but no dignity of emotion, no deep or complex
sorrows.



Of course, we need
to understand that in a sense, Winston is able to live the kind of life he wants to in
his dreams, for such a life would be impossible in the world of Big Brother. It is then
that he has his dream of Julia, which is profoundly
sexual:



With
what seemed a single movement she tore off her clothes and flung them disdainfully
aside... What overwhelmed him in that instant was admiration for the gesture with which
she had thrown her clothes aside. With its grace and carelessness it seemed to
annihilate a whole culture, a whole system of thought, as though Big Brother and the
Party and the Thought Police could all be swept into nothingness by a single movement of
the arm.



What this dream
celebrates and represents is Winston's desire to live life richly and in such a way that
would eradicate the barriers and impediments that control and prevent such passion and
humanness being expressed. The dream recognises the sheer power of humanity which of
course the Party is implacably opposed to. What of course happens in the novel is that
Winston acts on this desire to "live" in spite of the danger.

What is significant in the setting of "Disabled" by Wilfred Owen?

Wilfred Owen was a young poet who was interested in the
idea of beauty.  His experiences as a soldier in World War I, however, taught him that
beauty is short-lived.  Owen himself was killed in combat in
1918.


At the beginning of Owen's poem "Disabled," the
setting is a park, near the end of a day.  A disabled man, crippled in the war, sits in
a "wheeled chair" and hears the "voices of boys" and the "voices of play and pleasure." 
The disabled man can only observe, because he is "legless" and "sewn short at
elbow"--missing the lower part of an arm. 


The poem
describes his life before the war, when he was a football hero popular with girls.  He
joined the army because he thought he would "look [like] a god" in his
uniform.


Near the end of the poem, Owen informs us more
clearly of the setting.  The disabled man is now in some kind of "institute" for the
handicapped.  Here, he will "spend a few sick years," taking "whatever pity they may
dole."


As the poem ends, the disabled man wonders why his
caretakers have not come to take him back inside:


Why don't
they come
And put him into bed? Why don't they come?

He
seems to have reached the ultimate in helplessness.  He cannot participate in the fun
that the young people in the park are having; yet neither does he have the physical
ability to move away from them.  He is stuck, pathetically watching others live pleasant
lives. 

Wednesday, July 13, 2011

What are the differences between Romanticism and Classicism?

Romanticism and Classicism exist on two very different
poles within literary movements. Many new periods came about as a reaction to the
previous period, and the contrasts between these periods are no
different.


First, to differentiate between the two, we will
begin with their differences in how they regarded nature. The Romantics believed that
nature was powerful and constantly changing. The Romantics believed that nature was a
force that would/could never be fully understood. Unlike the Romantics, the Classicists
believed that nature could be rationalized and, therefore, completely
understood.


Second was the differentiating thoughts on
truth. The Romantics believed that one would only find truth through their own intuition
given they highlighted the importance of individual thought and not societal thought.
The Classicists, instead, believed that truth existed only as a result of reason. They
found that imaginative thought failed to be able to be studied scientifically and,
therefore, upheld no realistic function.


Third, ties into
scientific thought differences. The Classicists believed that man should conform to
universal thought and ideas. The Romantics believed that they should embrace their own
individual innovations. Perhaps the most poignant quote to exemplify Romantic thought on
tradition and innovation is from William Blake:


readability="5">

I must create a system or be enslaved by another
mans; I will not reason and
compare.



Basically, the
Romantics believed in the endless possibilities which man could change the world, and
they embraced them. The Classicists, instead, held up the importance of adhering to what
has already been said and done and mastering only those ideals.

Examine the character of Lady Macbeth and her progression towards madness. Please use quotes.I need to do an essay on this. Please help.

Lady Macbeth is onstage quite a bit in the early Acts of
the play, but after the end of Act III, scene iv -- the Banquet scene -- she all but
disappears from the play, returning for her last appearance onstage in one of the most
famous scenes in Shakespeare's canon -- the Sleepwalking scene -- Act V, scene i.  So,
there isn't much progression towards madness to show, as it happens offstage, while the
title character of the play, Macbeth, devolves further and further into his murders and
schemes onstage.


She seems to have all in hand in Act III,
scene iv, even though Macbeth has done a pretty effective job of blowing their cover by
freaking out over the appearance of the ghost of Banquo, a ghost that no one sees but
him.  She has tried her best to do damage control during the banquet, but the other
Thanes have left the feast with their suspicions roused against Macbeth.  The only hint
of the progression towards madness that Lady Macbeth will undergo is the exchange
between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth at the very end of the
scene:


readability="13">

Lady
Macbeth


You lack the season of all natures,
sleep.


Macbeth


Come,
we'll to sleep.  My strange and self-abuse


Is the initiate
fear that wants hard use.


We are yet but young in
deed.



And though this looks
like simply words of comfort from Lady Macbeth, it foreshadows her inability to sleep
later in the play and the madness that accompanies it.  So this conversation hints that
the progression towards that obviously manifests for her offstage between this time and
Act V.


In the early scenes of the play, it is Lady Macbeth
who is completely resolute, even scoffing at what she considers Macbeth's cowardly
behaviour just after he has murdered Duncan:


readability="8">

My hands are of your colour; but I
shame


To wear a heart so white. 
(II,ii)



And, while Macbeth
grows in thick-skinned-ness throughout the play and the murders he commits, Lady Macbeth
declines into a guilt-ridden madness that will not let her sleep.  In Act V, scene i,
she says:



The
thane of Fife had a wife.  Where is she now?...Here's the smell of blood still.  All the
perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little
hand.



The reference to her
hands reeking of blood is a nice reference back to the early scene in which she gloried
in her bloodied hands and chided Macbeth's fear.  And to say that Macbeth "had a wife,"
but wonder "where is she now," indicates that she has changed so much as to have become
a different person.


So, though the progression that Lady
Macbeth undergoes happens offstage, Shakespeare makes some nice connections between
early and later scenes to give the audience a sense of what has driven her to madness
and death.  Please follow the links below for more details about the character of Lady
Macbeth.

Tuesday, July 12, 2011

What are some supernatural elements in "The Rocking-Horse Winner"?

In D.H. Lawrence's "The Rocking-Horse Winner," there are
several elements of the supernatural.


As the boy Paul grows
up in a house where money is the major concern of his mother, the house seems to
whisper, "There must be more money." This haunts the
child.


His mother telling him that life is financially hard
because his father has no "luck" indicates that things happen by an invisible,
supernatural hand that makes things good for people or not: with or without
luck.


The fact that Paul knows which horses to choose in
order to win at the races is also fantastical and supernatural in
nature.


Even at the end when he rides on his horse in a
frenzied state, exhausted and not realizing what he has done, so much so that it kills
him, he is driven by what seems to be an unseen force.


All
of these things seem to spring from a supernatural place.

Why does Vera think she has been asked to come to the island?

In the book "And Then There Were None," Vera Claythorne,
who was a young and attractive teacher was hired through a letter from Una Nancy Owen
for a short stint as a secretary.


She was actually called
on to the island to punish her for the crime of killing a young boy in her care named
Cyril Hamilton. Her cruel and selfish nature made her allow the boy to swim too far into
the water, from where she knew he would not be able to return alive. This was in part to
do with Vera’s relation with Cyril’s uncle Hugo Hamilton whom she thought would be rich
and able to marry her if it weren't for the boy.

Friday, July 8, 2011

How is oxygen able to diffuse into skeletal muscles during physical activity?

During physical activity, oxygen is able to diffuse from
the capillaries to the muscle cells due to the concentration gradient, of higher oxygen
in the bloodstream, as compared to in the muscle cells. At moderate levels of activity,
the rate of diffusion of oxygen is enough for the mitochondria to meet the needs of the
muscle cells for ATP. As long as aerobic respiration can meet the energy demands of the
muscle fiber, it will continue. However, if the activity rate continues to increase in
the muscle fiber, and the oxygen can no longer diffuse fast enough into the cell and the
mitochondria alone can no longer meet energy needs, anaerobic respiration occurs. The
muscles have a reserve called glycogen, which is a storage product of glucose. In
situations where the mitochondria alone can't meet the energy needs, glycolysis produces
pyruvic acid which can't all be used in aerobic respiration. When it builds up faster
than the mitochondria can use it, levels of pyruvic acid rise in the sarcoplasm.
Eventually, pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid and the cell gains 2ATP molecules.
This process occurs anaerobically and it adds extra ATP to muscles that are working hard
to supplement their energy needs.

Thursday, July 7, 2011

On what criteria does Harry Bailey judge the tales?

At the end of the Prologue, after we have met all the
pilgrims that are heading off to Canterbury, a contest is proposed.  The idea is that
each of the travellers will tell two tales on the trip out and two on the way back.  Of
all of those stories, the Host will then judge the winner of the story telling contest
by determining which story "is best told, / That is to say who gives the
fullest measure / Of good morality and general
pleasure."


That means that the best story
will be the one that had the best balance between being a fun, clever, interesting tale
that also has a very important and substantial moral.  As you read the tales you can see
how a tale like the Miller's Tale has a lot of fun, but not a very important moral.  You
can conversely see how the Parson gives a very moral, but very boring sermon.  Tales
such as the Pardoner's seem to display a better balance.  The tale is suspensful and
clever, but has an important moral about greed.  Chaucer didn't complete the full set of
tales that is mentioned in the the Prologue, and he never has the Host declare a winner;
that is something that readers can debate for themselves.

What is the plot of "Thank You, M'am"?for 10 marks so long answer please! thank you original question: Create a plot line for the story indicating...

The short story "Thank You,
M'am" opens with Roger, a poor teenage boy, who tries to steal Mrs. Jones' purse while
she walks home at night. That would be the introdiction, or exposition of the plot. The
story's plot mounts with the rising action of Mrs. Jones, an unusually strong woman for
her age, catching Roger as he tries to steal the purse. When she finds out he has no
home, she drags him home with her. The climax of the story occurs when Mrs. Jones
purposely leaves Roger alone in her room with her purse while she goes to fix him
something to eat. Will Roger attempt to steal the purse again or not? That is the tense
moment in the story. Roger purposely sits on the side of the bed where Mrs. Jones can
see him. He wants her to see that he's not attempting to steal the purse. This shows
that he is a dynamic character who is already changing his ways. He wants Mrs. Jones to
trust him whereas in the beginning of the story, he didn't care about that. The falling
action occurs when Mrs. Jones and Roger eat their food and are about to say good-bye to
each other. Finally, the resolution occurs when Mrs. Jones gives Roger the money for the
blue-suede shoes he wants, which was his motive for trying to steal Mrs. Jones' purse in
the first place. The resolution occurs when Roger thanks Mrs. Jones and she promptly
shuts the door. They never see each other again.

Tuesday, July 5, 2011

What is exactly said or decided in the Reconstruction Act of 1867 in the USA?reconstruction in usa

First of all, you should be aware that there were actually
three Reconstruction Acts passed in that year.  Together, the effect of these laws was
to impose martial law on the South in an attempt to force them to institute new and more
democratic governments.


The Reconstruction Acts abolished
the state governments in the South and replaced them with military governments.  The
military governments were instructed to do various things.  They were supposed to call
conventions for making new state constitutions, for example.  They were supposed to
ensure that freed slaves (male only) had the right to vote.  In general, they were
supposed to ensure that new state governments would be made on the basis of universal
male suffrage and a respect for the rights of all citizens.

Monday, July 4, 2011

What is an alternative/additional representation of a section or character from Macbeth which can be performed i.e. an oral presentation?I am to do...

What an interesting assignment.  I like your ideas very
much.  The scene that  you chose iv quite suspenseful and shows a wide range of emotion
from Macbeth.  It seems that here several thoughts and emotions are running through his
head:


(1) He looks back over his past and realizes that his
life has meant nothing, that he has no respect from men, that it has all been a "walking
shadow."


(2)  He is very afraid.  Even though he thinks he
has become numb to fear, the thought of thousands of men surrounding his castle has
scared him.  He knows he does not have enough men to face Macduff and Malcolm's men
"front to front," so he has stay behind the castle walls as they lay siege to the
castle.  This fear perhaps is why he is in such a rush to put on his
armor.


(3) His confidence in the witches prophecies is
shaken.  He begins to doubt the "equivocation of the fiend/That lies like truth."  But
he still has hope.  He clings to the prophecy that "no one born of woman shall harm
Macbeth."  This line becomes his mantra as defeat looks more and more
inevitable.


(4) He has courage as well.  He will not go
down without a fight: "At least we'll die with harness on our
back."


Good luck with this
assignment.

Sunday, July 3, 2011

In Donne's Sonnet 14, comment on the word choice.

The active verbs in the first quatrain suggest that God is
a being with awesome, overwhelming power. The “three-personed God” is the Trinity:
Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Knock and break can be associated with God the Father,
breathe and blow with the Holy Spirit (spiritus = spirit, breath, wind, blowing), and
shine and burn with God the Son (the pun lurking here is the traditional play on son and
sun). The effect of the altered word order is to throw emphasis on the me as the object
of the verb defend and, similarly, to put fain into a position of stress so that the
speaker may show that his will is to love God, but that his character is such that he is
weak and cannot follow his own will without the control of God.

Friday, July 1, 2011

What do you think Helmer means with his final line in the play A Doll's House?the quote is "the most wonderful thing of all"

I think this is a great question, especially since the
play, whichever version one reads, is a translation.  And there are many translations of
this play out there.  For example, my translation, which is by Rolf Fjelde, gives
Torvald's final line as:


readability="5">

Nora!  Nora!  Empty.  She's gone. 
The greatest miracle --
?



Whichever
phrases is used "the most wonderful thing of all" or "the greatest miracle," a key
observation about this line, in ascribing meaning to it, is that he is repeating part of
a previous line of Nora's, part of an exchange that comes just previous to this final
line:


readability="18">

Torvald


Nora
-- can I never be more than a stranger to
you?


Nora


Ah. 
Torvald -- it would take the greatest miracle of all
--


Torvald


Tell
me the greatest
miracle!


Nora


You
and I both would have to transform ourselves tothe point that -- Oh, Torvald, I've
stopped believing in
miracle.


Torvald


But
I'll believe.  Tell me!  Transform ourselves to the point that
--?


Nora


That
our living together could be a true
marriage.



So, it is, first,
of importance that he is repeating a phrase, an idea that was introduced by Nora, almost
as if it were a foreign language that he cannot understand...yet.  It is also
significant that he is quite focused on this idea, since the last image that the
audience has of the play is not of Nora leaving, but of Torvald considering this idea. 
This final image suggests to me that his consideration of this idea is, potentially, as
important a transformation in the play's as the one that Nora has already
undergone.


The second thing that I notice about my
translation of this phrase is that it ends in a dash (which, in a dramatic text,
signifies that the speaker is interrupted, either by their own thoughts or by another
speaker) and a question mark.  So, this suggests to me that he stops himself from going
past these few words in summarizing what Nora has said must happen for them to get back
together, because he does not yet understand what it means (hence, the question
mark).


So, Ibsen has very pointedly left Torvald alone
onstage to have the final moment of the play, rather than Nora, suggesting that the next
step, after Act Three is over, is in his hands and that he is fixated upon living up to
this "most wonderful thing of all," if he can figure out how.

How do the departments and agencies of the executive branch work to implement the law?

Generally, what the agencies in the executive branch do is
take the laws and do two things.  First, they make the laws more specific by writing
rules that are based on the laws.  Second, they enforce those rules in a variety of
ways.


When Congress writes laws, it does not tend to make
them very specific.  It will set general goals (get students up to grade level by year X
for example) and leave it up to the bureaucrats to write rules specifying how this must
be done.


The other thing that bureaucrats do is they
enforce the laws.  They may, for example, go out checking on businesses to make sure
that they are following the laws in terms of worker
safety.


So the executive agencies tend to write rules to
flesh out laws and they tend to enforce the laws and rules.  By doing these things, they
implement the laws.

How might a starfish's essential functions be affected if it were lacking pedicellaria? (think respiration and water-vascular system)I found out...

Star fish have bear-trap or valve-like structures known as
pedicellariae. These have been noticed to have several functions. In many kinds of
starfish they do not allow algae and plankton to settle on the surface. Some starfish
have been observed to use these to capture active krill prey and small fish with their
pedicellariae.


Without the pedicellariae, the starfish will
not be able to perform the functions for which they use the pedicellariae. In addition
to not allowing them to catch prey, the lack of pedicellariae will result in algae and
plankton settling on the starfish. This makes the starfish more susceptible to being
attacked by prey. Also, as the matter which settles on their bodies decays it results in
the growth of bacteria and other organisms that could harm the
starfish.

Comment on the setting and character of &quot;The Fall of the House of Usher.&quot;How does setting act as a character?

Excellent observation, as it identifies how the settings of Poe's stories reflect the characters of their protagonists. Whet...