Another key precaution that has to be taken in the process
before giving someone a transfusion is that the doctor or nurse has to establish whether
or not there are any blood disorders that could complicate the transfusion. Hemophilia
is one of the more common blood disorders and transfusions can still be given but only
if clotting factor is added or serious bruising/bleeding may occur. It is also common
after a person has received a large number of transfusions that the blood refuses to
clot on its own.
You would also have to establish whether
or not a person had any alergies to the iodine used to sterilize the plce on the arm for
the IV. While this doesn't happen very often, you don't want an allergic reaction
starting when a person is needing blood, as that's a fairly life-critical
procedure.
Most doctors also check to see if there are
"needle tracks" or evidence of IV drug use, which can compromise veins to the point they
can't be used, and signal increased risk of infectious diseases already being present.
Everyone in the room needs masks and gloves, so that no blood contact is made, and the
risk of infection is minimized.
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