Saturday, June 28, 2014

Describe the process of mitosis that occurs during nuclear division.

In mitotic division, the chromosome material in the
nucleus is replicated. That is because the DNA which makes up the chromosomes can serve
as a template to make more DNA. By making a second set of chromosomes during interphase,
it will insure that at the end of mitotic division, each new daughter cell will have a
full set of chromosomes. This will allow the two cells to carry out life activities and
manufacture the proteins they need.  After interphase, prophase occurs. The centrioles
separate and a spindle begins to form.The nuclear membrane begins to disappear and the
chromosomes are coiled and thickened. Next is metaphase. In this stage, the doubled
chromosomes, called chromatids line up along in the equator of the cell. Their
centromeres in the center attach to the spindle fibers that have formed. Next is
anaphase. The doubled chromosomes separate and they  move toward opposite poles. Next is
telophase. The cell membrane pinches inward forming two separate cells. The nuclear
membrane reforms in each new cell enclosing the chromosomes. If its an animal cell,
cytokinesis occurs and the cell pinches in half. End result is two daughter cells, with
the exact chromosome number as the parent cell. If it is a  plant cell, a cell plate
forms separating the two cells. And cytokinesis insures that half of the cytoplasm goes
to each smaller but genetically identical cell.

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