"When I discover who I am, I'll be free," says the
narrator of Invisible Man, newly awakened, suffering from amnesia
(243).
He is victimized by whites, betrayed by blacks, and
alienated by institutions, industry, and religious, labor, and political organizations.
In the end, he chooses to live abandoned by all in his basement, savoring his newfound
invisibility. Ralph Ellison's response to the American anti-black racial problem is not
so much a social solution, but an existential one. To be invisible, in a sense, is to
be a conscious individual who cannot be predicted or
manipulated.
The narrator must reshape his racial identity
from one obedient to authoritarian structures to one free to reject all of them.
Ellison’s narrator finally achieves freedom by refusing to take refuge in a false
public image of himself. By creating an essence defined by the agonized choice of
self-imposed isolation from racial determinism, the narrator finally achieves an
authentic existence.
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