Chapters 42-58 What key events occur between Magwitch's appearance and Pip's metting with Estella?Great Expectations by Charles Dickens

With the exception of two chapters, what is under
consideration here is Stage III of Great Expectations.  This
composes the part of the novel in which Pip has his second change of character; that is,
he rejects his selfishness and cupidity of Stage II and returns to the true values of
friendship and love that he has known in Stage I.  Thus, after experiencing the falsity
of the world outside the forge, Pip reemerges as mature version of the honest and noble
person that he was as a child.

• In this third
  stage, Pip reencounters some of the characters that he has met in the beginning part;
  however, they emerge with different names or as older, wiser people.  Central to these
  characters is Magwitch, who comes to London as Provis, a
  name that closely resembles Providence, for, indeed Provis, has both guarded and
  indirectly guided Pip to his nobler nature.  After learning of the kindness of Provis
  and trying to assist him in his escape and learning his poignant history regarding
  Compeyson, Molly, and Estella, Pip no longer finds Provis repugnant; in fact, he grows
  to love the poor, unfortunate man, and holds his hand throughout his trial and
  condemnation.  Pip prays for him as he dies. 


• In return
  for the frienship and solicitude of Herbert, with the financial aid of Miss Havisham,
  Pip establishes Herbert in a banking house, thus enabling
  him to marry his love, Clara.


• Pip returns to Satis House
  where he confronts Miss Havisham and Estella, begging her
  not to marry Bentley Drummle, telling her, "You are "part of my existence, part of
  myself."  But, she refuses him; having witnessed this, Miss Havisham realizes her great
  sin against Pip and later begs him to forgive her. That evening her dress catches on
  fire and Pip rescues her.


• Pip's friend
  Wemmick intervenes for Pip and warns him not to go home as
  Orlick has been watching his apartment, for he wants to
  kill Pip, but, fortuitously, he has dropped a note that reveals Orlick's having lured
  him to the sluice house where he is rescued.


• After the
  traumatic events of caring for Provis and his near-death experience with Orlick, Pip is
  cared for by Joe, who returns to calling him the old names.  But, when Pip feels better,
  Joe begins to call him "sir."  Pip's reflections on Joe lead him to
  wonder,

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how I had conceived that old idea of his
inaptitude, until I was one day enlightened by the reflection that perhaps the
inaptitude had never been in him at all, but had been in
me.

• Then, after
  eleven years, Pip returns to the forge only to find Biddy
  who tells him it is hers and Joe's wedding day.  


• Two
  years later, he sees Estella, who arrives after all these years and they reconcile as
  friends. Pip has Joe's little son with him, whom Estella
  mistakes as his.  Asking to kiss him, Estella reveals "a heart to undersstand what my
  heart used to be.