That's a cool question, and it has a cool
answer.
It all has to do with sizes and distances. The moon
is about 240,000 miles from the earth. That sounds like a long distance for sure. But
relatively speaking, the moon is a lot closer to the earth than it is to the sun...
almost 400 times closer. Because of this relative closeness, when the earth (which also
is a lot bigger than the moon) comes between the sun and the moon, the shadow of the
earth (which causes an eclipse) has a pretty good chance, each month when there's a full
moon, of blocking out the moon. Conversely, a relatively small moon 240,000 miles away
from the earth has a much smaller chance of blocking out a very distant (and apparently
small) sun which, in the sky, as seen from the earth, looks almost excatly the same size
as the moon.
Although not drawn to scale, the link below
may help you understand the relationships better.
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