The last two lines of Chapter 19
are,
"And the
associations of owners knew that some day the praying would stop...And there's the
end."
The lines suggest that
when the poor and dispossessed farmers, who are desperate and praying for better
conditions so that they can feed themselves and their children, stop praying for the
things they need, it will be because they have reached the limits of their endurance,
and instead of just praying, they will now act. Driven to action, they will be forceful,
and by the strength of their numbers, strong, signalling the end of the dynastic social
structure whereby the land is hoarded only by the wealthy few, the "associations of
owners."
In Chapter 19, the author examines the historical
basis of land ownership in California. He lists "three cries of history" which have been
proven true repeatedly in the past -
- "When
property accumulates in too few hands it is taken
away. - When a majority of the people are hungry and cold
they will take by force what they need. - Repression works
only to strengthen and knit the repressed."
The
author applies these proven facts from history to the situation in which the Joads are
caught up; having been evicted from their land in Oklahoma, they have come to
California, along with tens of thousands of others, in hopes of starting anew. Finding
that large property owners are in possession of most of the land in California, they
doggedly seek to provide for themselves and their families any way they can, but
opportunities are slim to nonexistent, and they grow increasingly desperate. When their
numbers and desperation get to be too much, the author foreshadows that they will join
together, and take from the "associations of owners" that which they have been denied,
but need for their very existence.
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