Coleridge's "Rime of the Ancient Mariner," was first
published in the year 1798 in the "Lyrical Ballads." The "Lyrical Ballads" was a result
of the combined efforts of Wordsworth and Coleridge to completely break with the poetic
tradition of the Neo Classical age.
In his Biographia
Literaria Chapter XIV, Coleridge informs us of the origin of his
masterpiece:
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it was agreed, that my endeavours should be
directed to persons and characters supernatural, or at least Romantic; yet so as to
transfer from our inward nature a human interest and a semblance of truth sufficient to
procure for these shadows of imagination that willing suspension of disbelief for the
moment, which constitutes poetic faith. ... With this view I wrote the 'Ancient
Mariner'.
The three important
features of the Romantic Age as seen in The Rime of the Ancient
Mariner are:
1. The Supernatural
Element: The poets of the neo classical age gave more importance to
realistic descriptions of day to day life. The romantic poets like Coleridge however,
concentrated on describing the supernatural world. The whole poem describes the
supernatural and mystical experience of the "ancient mariner" in a mysterious
manner:
This
seraph band, each waved his hand:
It was a heavenly sight!
They
stood as signals to the land,
Each one a lovely
light:
2. Love
for Nature: The romantic poets like Coleridge unlike the poets of the neo
classical age who confined themselves to urban settings were lovers of Nature.
They delighted in describing Nature in all its glory:
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Sometimes a-dropping from the sky
I
heard the sky-lark sing;
Sometimes all little birds that are,
How
they seemed to fill the sea and air
With their sweet
jargoning!
For the desperate
and terrified "ancient mariner" alone and adrift on the ocean it is the natural sounds
of the birds which offer him some hope and
comfort.
3. Poetic form: The
poets of the neo classical age used only one verse form in all their poems - the heroic
couplet. Needless to say it resulted in artistic sterility and monotony. Coleridge uses
a quatrain which rhymes a b c b for the most part of the poem but varies the number of
the lines in some of the stanzas and also the rhyme
scheme:
Day
after day, day after day,We stuck, nor breath nor
motion;As idle as a painted
shipUpon a painted
ocean.Water,
water, everywhere,
(repetition)And all the boards did
shrink;Water, water,
everywhere,
Nor any drop to drink.
(rhyme)
Under the keel nine fathom
deep,
From the land of mist and snow, (6 lines)
The spirit slid:
and it was he
That made the ship to go.
The sails at noon left off
their tune,
And the ship stood still
also.
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