What are some of the most important lessons Scout and Jem learn throughout the novel and who teaches them these lessons?

Oh, so many lessons! The children learn that truly great
people don't brag about it. They never even knew that their dad, Atticus, was a crack
shot. When he kills the rabid dog, they are quite surprised. Atticus teaches them this
lesson, by example.

They are not too impressed with their
father's profession as a lawyer, until Miss Maudie brags about Atticus' abilities. Miss
Maudie teaches them this one. Then, they observe their father in the courthouse. The
Blacks tells Scout to stand when her father passes. The children learn that their father
is brave and a man of integrity.

They learn that life is
not fair. The results of Tom's trial teaches them this. Jem is quite crushed by the
verdict.

They learn to treat company as company, no matter
how bad the company's manners are. Calpurnia teaches them this when Walter pours syrup
all over his food.

Scout learns that people are hypocrites
and sometimes do not live the religion they preach. She learns this lesson from Miss
Maudie at the women's missionary tea and also from observing the speech of the women in
attendance.

I think there is probably a lesson in every
chapter. What a great novel