Nearly everything Atticus says reflects his values and
principles. I'll give you three of the most significant and common ones, and there will
be plenty for others to add, I'm sure.
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"You never really understand a person until you
consider things from his point of view - until you climb into his skin and walk around
in it."
This is indicative of
Atticus's belief that everyone has a story and deserves respect just for living. He
applies this philosophy to some pretty difficult circumstannces: Mayella in the
courtroom, Mrs. Dubose as she's villifying both him and his children, the Cunninghams
who come to cause trouble (or worse) at the jailhouse, and Bob Ewell spitting in his
face. Atticus encourages his kids to follow this principle, and he lives it out in
front of them every day.
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"Mockingbirds don't do one thing but make music
for us to enjoy... but sing their hearts out for us. That's why it's a sin to kill a
mockingbird."
This is
Atticus's figurative way of saying things that are innocent and harmless and just trying
to be who God created them to be should be left alone to make whatever music they're
called to make. In the course of this novel, several characters might qualify as
mockingbirds; however, the two most obvious are Boo Radley and Tom Robinson. Even Scout
sees the comparison at the end of the book, when it is decided not to reveal to the town
that Boo was responsible for Bob Ewell's death. He would have been the town hero, but
that would have been like releasing the hounds to the fox--in a good but overwhelming
way. He would not have been able to withstand all the attention. Tom is another
innocent figure who did nothing more than an act of human kindness for a young, lonely
girl. That "song" of kindness was cut short and he was sentenced and shot, despite his
innocence. Like Atticus says, that's a sin.
The last
quote comes at the end of Atticus's closing argument at Tom's trial. The entire speech
is worth quoting, but I'm confident you already know the
piece:
"Now,
gentlemen, in this country our courts are the great levelers. In our courts, all men are
created equal. I'm no idealist to believe firmly in the integrity of our courts and of
our jury system. That's no ideal to me. That is a living, working
reality!Now I am confident that you gentlemen will review without
passion the evidence that you have heard, come to a decision, and restore this man to
his family.In the name of God, do your duty. In the name of God,
believe Tom
Robinson."
There's more to
the speech, of course, but this is a reflection of Atticus's belief in the law, in his
fellow man, and in the innocence of his client. Atticus does not believe everyone is
innocent, of course; he does, however, believe that innocent people should and can be
treated fairly in the name of the law and in the name of God--and despite their skin
color.
That should get you started, and don't be surprised
if the list gets too long to deal with effectively!
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