What are three metaphors in Act 1. Sc. 4 of Hamlet?

1. (vv26-27) Hamlet speaking: By the o'ergrowth
of some complexion, oft breaking down the pales and forts of
reason...

Metaphor that transforms the human
body in a citadel where  reason is kept. Shakespeare often refers, in this drama, the
human microcosm to a citadel or a castle.

2.(vv
36-37) Hamlet speaking: The dram of evil doth all the noble substance of a
doubt to his own scandal

Evil spreads like an
infection. Like the human body, even the society could be corrupted by an infection due
to a mistake of nature or a dissolute tradition or a human
sin.

3.(vv 69-70) Horatio speaking:
What if it tempt you toward the flood, my lord, or to the dreadful summit of
the cliff

The vertigo of the cliff is a metaphor
of the reason that Hamlet could loose following the ghost. Hamlet could go haywire
trying to understand the
supernatural.

4.The Nemean Lion- (vv
82-85) Hamlet speaking: My fate cries out, and makes each petty artere in this
body as hardy as the Nemean lion's nerve.

The
Nemean lion is a monster in Greek mythology whose fur was invulnarable. Hamlet warns
that nobody could stop him to follow the ghost.