I think that the setting in "The Lottery" is irrelevant,
as far as the characters' worldview is concerned. Saying that the setting is
responsible for the characters' actions is the same as saying every crowded, small town
will end up imitating the town's behavior. And that certainly isn't
true.
You can judge their worldview from their actions.
The characters must be intellectually deprived, for instance; somewhat uneducated, in
other words. They must not have access to much information outside of their town or
region. They must live in somewhat of a closed society. We know this from their
actions.
We don't know this from their setting. To say the
setting contributes to their actions is judgmental and prejudicial. Again, do all
crowded, small towns hold human lotteries? Blaming the setting is giving in to
stereotypes that rural people are stupid.
The point of the
story is that normal human beings are capable of atrocious behavior when that behavior
is sanctioned by the majority. The point of the story is not that crowded, small towns
lead to atrocious behavior.
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