In chapter 1 of Of Mice and Men,
Steinbeck introduces the major characters and themes of the
novel:
- Chapter 1 begins with a painstaking
description of California's Salinas
River Valley. - Steinbeck lingers over the details of the
river valley for one critical reason. He wants to be sure that when his migrant ranch
labourers George and Lennie appear, they are authentic constituents of this
setting. - Into this tranquil setting step the principal
characters of the novel: George, "small and quick," and Lennie, "a huge man," as rabbits
scurry into the brush and a heron lifts off over the river.
- As Lennie laps up the water thirstily, George orders him
not to drink so much. In this scene we become aware of George's authority over the
larger man as Lennie carefully mimics his guardian's manner of
drinking. - In George's irritation with Lennie's
forgetfulness - he can't remember that they're heading to a ranch in Soledad - we learn
that the latter is slow-witted. - As George primes
Lennie's memory, he learns that the big man has picked up and hidden a dead mouse in his
pocket. - Angrily, George throws it into the brush to
Lennie's consternation who only wanted something soft to pet while he walked along. His
obsession with 'soft things' is a critical motif in the remainder of the
novel. - While pretending to gather firewood, Lennie
retrieves the dead mouse which George promptly confiscates again. Lennie protests and
recalls a lady who used to give him mice to pet. She was Lennie's Aunt Clara, George
explains, and we learn that there is a familial connection between the two
men. - When Lennie expresses a desire for ketchup with his
dinner of beans, George, angry again, ruminates on the kind of life he could have had
without Lennie: "...you lose me ever' job I get....You do bad things and I got to get
you out." - In his angry tirade, George reveals the latest
'bad thing' Lennie did. The two had to run away from their last workplace, in Weed, when
a girl whose dress Lennie touched because it was pretty, brought a charge of assault
against him. - Faced with Lennie's threat to go off into
the hills to live by himself, George softens, promises to keep watch over Lennie, and
tells the dream "about the rabbits." Thus, in this first chapter we are introduced to
the incantatory story of every ranch hand in America - to own a piece of property, and
earn a living by it. - To Lennie's delight and
word-for-word recollection of the dream, George describes how he and his companion are
not like other ranch hands, who drift from place to place. No, they have a future and
each other. One day, with enough money saved, they will buy a farm, settle down, "an'
live off the fatta the lan'." - Lennie's role in the
dream is to tend the rabbits. Thus, the essential tragedy of the novel is set from the
beginning: George cannot fulfill his dream with Lennie at his
side. - Lost in a reverie, George impatiently interrupts
himself to return to more practical matters: Finishing dinner, getting some sleep, and
reminding Lennie to let him talk to the boss on the
morrow. - The first chapter ends with the novel's most
significant foreshadowing: George instructs Lennie to return to the quiet spot on the
river in the event he encounters trouble at the
ranch.
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