How did The Catcher in the Rye shape American culture?How did this book "change the rules" for acceptable prose and fiction?

I would say that Salinger's work was one of the first
works of art to critically assess the shortcomings in post World War II American life.
 If we go back and examine where America was at the time, the term "zenith" would be
appropriate. Essentially, the world looked to America as the nation that "had it all."
 Europe was decimated by two protracted wars financially, socially, and politically.
 Nations in Asia, Africa, and South America were just beginning to establish their own
independence.  The Soviet Union was closed off to the rest of the world as the Iron
Curtain descended.  America was seen as "perfect" in many ways.  To a large extent, its
citizens started believing this, as well.  In this light, there was much in way of
delusion being developed.  Works like "The Catcher in the Rye" helped to bring to light
that there might be something subterranean that explores elements that are wrong in and
with American society.  The idea of "phonies" and individuals who do one thing and say
another could be quite appropriately to a culture that might have professed its belief
in independence, justice and equality of opportunity, yet openly denied it to people of
color and women in the time period.  The idea that there was an "established" way to
behave belied the American notion of change and democratic horizons.  When Holden speaks
of a world that might not fulfill what is promises and speaks of a desire to protect
innocence from the corruption, he is laying the groundwork for the swelling of
transformative social change that emerges in the 1960s.  In this light, the book helped
give a voice to what can be as opposed to what is.