A metaphor compares two unlike things without using "like"
or "as."
So, the metaphor in Macbeth's question,"Why do you
dress me / In borrowed robes?" is the Thane of Cawdor's title. A "robe" is a symbol of
royalty and authority, like the title of a thane. And the word "borrowed" reveals that
Macbeth does not know that the Thane of Cawdor is a traitor and who has been stripped of
his title by King Duncan, and soon will be executed. Macbeth believes that the Thane of
Cawdor still lives, so it comes as a complete surprise to
Macbeth.
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